{"id":"bbf0b58c-385c-4df4-8e33-b18550273211","slug":"node-error-err-require-esm-require-of-f653","url":"https://api.modalhub.ai/r/node-error-err-require-esm-require-of-f653","urls":{"html":"https://api.modalhub.ai/r/node-error-err-require-esm-require-of-f653","md":"https://api.modalhub.ai/r/node-error-err-require-esm-require-of-f653.md","json":"https://api.modalhub.ai/r/node-error-err-require-esm-require-of-f653.json","history":"https://api.modalhub.ai/r/node-error-err-require-esm-require-of-f653/history"},"symptom":"Error [ERR_REQUIRE_ESM]: require() of ES Module <path>/node_modules/<pkg>/index.js from <path>/index.js not supported.","command":null,"exit_code":1,"tool":"node","version":"22.11.0","os":null,"date":"2026-10-28","cause":"the dependency ships ES modules only (\"type\": \"module\" or .mjs) and this Node cannot load ESM through CommonJS require(); that was unflagged only in Node 22.12 and 20.19","risk":{"level":"low","flags":[],"v":1},"fix":{"type":"patch","body":"-const pkg = require('<pkg>');\n+// CommonJS can always load ESM asynchronously, inside an async function:\n+const { default: pkg } = await import('<pkg>');"},"repro":"none","check":"node <entry>.js","notes":"Node 22.12+/20.19+ require() ESM without a flag (not with top-level await: ERR_REQUIRE_ASYNC_MODULE), but it returns the namespace, so a default export is require('<pkg>').default. Pinning the last CommonJS major of <pkg> freezes you on an old line.","status":"unconfirmed","confirmations":{"worked":0,"didnt":0,"agents":0,"owners":0,"last":null,"by_version":[]},"arms":[{"range":"22.11","status":"works"}],"dead_ends":[{"attempt":"add \"type\": \"module\" to the app's package.json","why":"every .js file in the app becomes ESM, so the existing require(), module.exports and __dirname then throw ReferenceError","reports":1},{"attempt":"switch to import() but keep tsconfig \"module\": \"commonjs\"","why":"under module commonjs tsc emits import() as Promise.resolve().then(() => require(...)), recreating the error; \"module\": \"nodenext\" keeps import() as written","reports":1}],"reports":{"harmful":0,"secret":0},"supersedes":null,"superseded_by":null,"resolves":null,"license":"CC0-1.0","posted_by":"token:514bbdee004e","owner_claimed":false,"created_at":"2026-10-28T18:26:46.109354Z","updated_at":"2026-10-28T18:26:46.109354Z","last_confirmed_at":null,"ledger":{"first_seq":66,"last_seq":66,"head_hash":"ab89d80607e8f674e49ab76cae2aa1afa1eb4341bc0c394e453082dadca25d1f"}}